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NORTHWESTERN

 IOWA

ITS HISTORY AND TRADITIONS

1804-1926

Comprising the Counties of Woodbury, Monona, Plymouth, Cherokee, O'Brien, Sioux, Lyon, Osceola, Sac,

Buena Vista, Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, Palo Alto, Pocahontas, Calhoun, Ida, Crawford, Carroll and Greene.

3 VOLUME SET

 

ARTHUR FRANCIS ALLEN

Supervising Editor

  ILLUSTRATED

Chicago

The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company

1927

 

FORWARD

CONTENTS

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS at bottom of this page

VOLUME 1, HISTORICAL INDEX

VOLUME 2, HISTORICAL INDEX

VOLUME 2, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

VOLUME 3, BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX

 

CONTENTS

 

CHAPTER I

THE RICH GIFTS OF NATURE

NORTHWESTERN IOWA THE PRODUCT OF GLACIAL DRIFTS   -   ONLY A CORNER OF THE STATE DRIFTLESS   -   THE ICE FIELDS FROM THE NORTH   -   TRACINGS OF THEIR EDGES OR MORAINES   -   THE THREE GLACIERS WHICH INVADED NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   THE NEBRASKA DRIFT   -EXPOSURES OF THE BED ROCKS IN THE BIG SIOUX AND MISSOURI VALLEYS   -   THE SIOUX QUARTZITE   -   THE CRETACEOUS ROCKS OF THE GREAT PLAINS   -   HOW THE NEBRASKAN ICE SHEET GATHERED ITS TILL   -   THE WISCONSIN GLACIAL EPOCH   -   AREA COVERED BY THE ICE FIELD   -   HOW IT MOLDED THE EASTERN SECTION OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   DIVERTS THE DRAINAGE OF THE LAND WESTWARD   -   THE GREAT MISSISSIPPI-MISSOURI DIVIDE FIXED   -   THE KANSAN DRIFT COVERS A LARGE PORTION OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   THE RICH, BUT IRREGULAR LAYER OF LOESS   -   THE GREAT AREA OF THE KANSAN DRIFT REGION   -   DEPOSITS OF GRAVEL IN VALLEYS AND HILLS   -   THE RIVERS AND DRAINAGE OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   ITS LAKES   - ALTITUDES OF VARIOUS LOCALITIES   -   PITCH OF THE REGION WHERE ALL VALLEYS MERGE INTO THE MISSOURI   -   WHY SOIL, RAINFALL, TOPOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE MADE NORTHWESTERN IOWA THE LAND OF PLENTY...

 

CHAPTER II

THE EVOLUTION OF IOWA

EARLY EXPLORATIONS IN AMERICA   -   THE "RIGHT OF DISCOVERY"   -   MARQUETTE AND JOLIET   -   LA SALLE'S EXPEDITIONS   -   CONFLICTING INTERESTS   -   FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR   -   GEN. GEORGE ROGERS CLARK   -   LOUISIANA PURCHASE   -   TREATY OF PARIS   -   IOWA UNDER VARIOUS JURISDICTIONS   -   TERRITORY OF IOWA   -   THE FIGHT FOR ADMISSION   -   ORGANIZATION OF COUNTIES  

 

CHAPTER III

EARLY EXPLORATIONS

THE LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION IN IOWA   -   DEATH OF SERGEANT FLOYD   -   FIRST RECORD OF A WHITE MAN'S BURIAL IN IOWA   -   PIKE'S EXPEDITION   -   THE FUR TRADERS   -   ANOTHER TRIBUTE TO SERGEANT FLOYD   -   THE FIRST FORT MADISON   -   KEARNY'S EXPEDITION FROM THE MISSOURI TO THE MISSISSIPPI - CATLIN AND MAXIMILIAN AT FLOYD'S GRAVE   -   THE ALLEN-SCHOOLCRAFT EXPEDITION   -   KEARNY BUILDS FIRST FORT DES MOINES   -   TROOPERS FIGHT SIOUX IN NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   LEA'S "NOTES ON WISCONSIN TERRITORY"   -   CAPTAIN ALLEN ENCIRCLES NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   ESTABLISHES FINAL FORT DES MOINES   -   THE CAPTAIN STARTS ON HIS EXPEDITION   -   TRAVELS UP THE DES MOINES INTO THE LAKE COUNTRY   -   FLOUNDERS AMONG "INTERMINABLE LAKES"   -   SEEKS HEADWATERS OF THE DES MOINES AND MINNESOTA   -   SIOUX FALLS AND THE SIOUX QUARTZITE   -   DOWN THE VALLEY OF THE BIG SIOUX   -   WHERE THE BIG SIOUX AND THE MISSOURI JOIN   -   THE SHORT CUT TO FORT DES MOINES...

 

CHAPTER IV

INDIAN OCCUPATION

ORIGIN OF THE NAME "INDIAN"   -   THE MOUND BUILDERS   -   MOUNDS IN IOWA   -  THE INDIANS   -   THE IOWA   -   THE SAC AND THE FOX   -   KEOKUK AND BLACK HAWK   -   METANEQUA, THEIR LAST WAR CHIEF   -   THE POTAWATTOMI   -   THE WINNEBAGO   -   THE SIOUX   -   ACQUISITION OF THE INDIAN LANDS   -   TREATIES OF 1804 AND 1816    -   THE HALF-BREED TRACT   -   TREATY OF 1825   -   THE NEUTRAL GROUND   -   THE BLACK HAWK PURCHASE   -   TREATY OF CHICAGO   -   TREATY OF 1837   -   TREATY OF 1842   -   LAST OF THE TREATIES AFFECTING IOWA LANDS   -   INDIAN PROBLEM IN IOWA NOT SETTLED   -   THE SIOUX THE LAST TO LEAVE   -   FORT DODGE ESTABLISHED AND ABANDONED   -   INDIAN DEPREDATIONS RENEWED   -   HENRY LOTT AND THE MURDER OF THE SIOUX CHIEF, SIDOMINADOTA   -   SETTLERS MOVE UP THE DES MOINES AND LITTLE SIOUX RIVERS   -   THEY INVADE THE LAKE REGION, THE TRADITIONAL HOME OF THE SIOUX   -   INKPADUTA'S BAND OF BAD SIOUX PASS UP THE LITTLE SIOUX   -   THE TERRIBLE MASSACRE AROUND THE SHORES OF THE OKOBOJI LAKES   -   CAPTURE OF FOUR WOMEN AND THEIR AWFUL JOURNEY INTO DAKOTA   -   DEATH OF mRS. THATCHER AND MRS. NOBLE   -   RANSOM OF MRS. MARBLE AND ABBIE GARDNER   -   THE AFTER LIFE OF INKPADUTA   -   THE SIOUX FINALLY MOVED FROM MINNESOTA TO DAKOTA TERRITORY.....

 

CHAPTER V

ADVANCE OF THE NORTHWESTERN FRONTIER

BONDS BETWEEN THE FLOYDS AND CLARKS   -   FLOYD'S BLUFF   -   BUILDING OF THE FLOYD MEMORIAL   -   THE FIRST SETTLER OF WOODBURY COUNTY   -   ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY   -   THE LAST OF THOMPSON   -   THEOPHILE BRUGUIER AND WAR EAGLE   -   JOSEPH LEONAIS PURCHASES OF BRUGUIER   -   DIES AS A GENTLEMAN FARMER   -   THE FOUNDING OF SIOUX CITY   -   HOW THE SITE OF THE CITY WAS SAVED   -   THE MORMON SETTLEMENTS OF 1849-53-SMITHVILLE, WOODBURY COUNTY   -   FIRST SETTLERS IN CRAWFORD COUNTY   -   DELOIT AND DOW CITY   -   MORMONS STILL ACTIVELY ORGANIZED   -   THE FOUNDING OF DENSION   -   MORMON SETTLEMENT AT PREPARATION, MONONA COUNTY   -   TWO SETTLERS PRECEDE THE MORMONS   -   THE WHITING SETTLEMENT FOUNDED   -   EARLY SETTLEMENT OF CALHOUN COUNTY   -   SETTLEMENT AT WEST BEND, PALO ALTO COUNTY   -   THE IRISH COLONY   -   THE NORTHWESTERN FRONTIER STILL ADVANCING   -   CRITICAL END OF THE PIONEER PERIOD...

 

CHAPTER VI

PIONEER LIFE AND CUSTOMS

BEGINNING OF ANOTHER ERA   -   THE CIVIL WAR AND RAILROADS CLOSE THE ERA   -   PIONEERING IN NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   MUSKRAT PELTS FOR MONEY   -   PRAIRIE BLIZZARDS AND FIRES   -   THE BURNING OF CORN FOR FUEL   -   EARLY CABINS, OUTSIDE AND INSIDE   -   FIRST HOMES FOR MERE PROTECTION   -   THE CLAIM CABINS MORE FINISHED   -   DOORS, WINDOWS AND THE CHIMNEY   -   THE SOUND OF THE NAIL HAMMER NOT HEARD   -   ROOMS AND FURNISHINGS   -   BREAKING PRAIRIE   -   OUTFIT FOR PRAIRIE-BREAKING   -   PRAIRIE-BREAKING BRIGADES   -   SAD PASSING OF THE OLD TIMES   -   WILD GAME FOR FOOD AND SPORT   -   CLOTHING OF THE PIONEERS   -   RECREATIONS AND AMUSEMENTS...

 

CHAPTER VII

AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES

THE GRAIN TRADE AS THE NATION'S MAIN EXPANDING FORCE   -   COMPARATIVE VALUE OF WHEAT AND CORN   -   DRAWBACKS AND EXPANSIONS IN NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   THE GRASSHOPPER AND CHINCH BUG PLAGUES   -   THE GRASSHOPPER INVASION OF 1873 AND 1874   -   RELIEF OF GRASSHOPPER-STRICKEN DISTRICTS   -   THE CHINCH BUG ALSO FIGHTS THE WHEAT FARMERS   -   CHANGING CONDITIONS   -   GOLDEN BELT OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   PLYMOUTH AND WOODBURY COUNTIES   -   CRAWFORD AND MONONA   -   SIOUX AND LYON   -   THREE RICH INTERIOR COUNTIES   -   IDA, CARROLL AND GREENE COUNTIES   -   CHEROKEE AND BUENA VISTA   -   HALF A DOZEN REPRESENTATIVE NORTHERN COUNTIES   -   EMMET AND DICKINSON   -   OSCEOLA   -   THE MAIN DEDUCTION...

 

CHAPTER VIII

TRANSPORTATION BY LAND AND WATER

SIOUX CITY AS A STEAMBOAT TOWN   -   SIOUX CITY IN 1868   -   THE COMING AND GOING OF A RIVER STEAMBOAT   -   STEAMBOAT TRAFFIC   -   ATTEMPTED NAVIGATION OF THE  DES MOINES RIVER   -   THE SAWYER WAGON ROADS TO THE MONTANA GOLD FIELDS   -   RAILROADS OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   CONGRESS ENCOURAGES RAILROAD BUILDING, 1850-55   -   FOUR IOWA RAILROADS PROJECTED   -   IOWA LINES TO CONNECT WITH THE UNION PACIFIC   -   SIOUX CITY & ST. PAUL RAILROAD   -   THE CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL   -   SECTION OF THE NORTHWESTERN BUILT   -   JOHN I. BLAIR, FATHER OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA RAILROADS   -   IOWA FALL & SIOUX CITY RAILROAD   -   CEDAR RAPIDS & MISSOURI RIVER RAILROAD, 1866-68   -   COMPLETION OF IOWA FALLS & SIOUX CITY RAILROAD   -   ABSORPTIONS BY PRESENT-DAY RAILROADS   -   HOW BLAIR NEARLY GOT CONTROL OF THE DAKOTA SOUTHERN   -   DES MOINES RIVER GRANT REVERTS TO RAILROAD PROJECTS   -   STIMULATING VALUE OF RAILROADS IMMEASURABLE   -   THE AUTOMOBILE, A NEW PROBLEM   -   ELECTRIC AND AUTO-BUS LINES   -   IMPROVEMENT OF IOWA'S PUBLIC HIGHWAYS   -   THE FUTURE OF THE GOOD ROADS MOVEMENT...

 

CHAPTER IX

NORTHWESTERN BORDER INDIAN WARFARE

PROTECTING THE NORTHWESTERN FRONTIER   -   THE MINUTE MEN   -   THE FRONTIER GUARDS   -   THE SIOUX CITY CAVALRY   -   THE SIXTH AND SEVENTH IOWA CAVALRY REGIMENTS   -   THE BATTLE OF WHITE STONE HILL   -   NORTHERN BORDER BRIGADE   -   FORT DEFIANCE, ESTHERVILLE   -   LAST MILITARY FORCE ON THE IOWA BORDER...

 

CHAPTER X

THEY DID THEIR PART

IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR   -   VICTIMS OF TYPHOID FEVER   -   THE FIFTY-FIRST REGIMENT OF INFANTRY   -   THE FORTY-NINTH REGIMENT   -   TROOPS FOR THE MEXICAN BORDER

 

CHAPTER XI

NORTHWESTERN IOWA IN THE WORLD WAR

IOWA PROMPTLY SUPPORTS CONGRESS   -   ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-EIGHTH U. S. REGIMENT OFF FOR FRANCE   -   STATE FLAG PRESENTED TO THE "OLD THIRD"   -   IDENTITY OF STATE REGIMENTS LOST   -   PREPARATIONS FOR BATTLE   -   AT THE BATTLE FRONT   -   SOME HEROES OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   GERMANS CHECKED AT THE MARNE   -   LIEUTENANT LAURENS C. SHULL   -   AMERICAN ARMY DRIVES GERMANS BEYOND THE MEUSE   -   CLEARING THE ARGONNE FOREST OF GERMANS   -   IOWA TROOPS SEIZE THE HEIGHTS OF SEDAN   -   NORTHWESTERN IOWA SOLDIERS HONORED   -   THE GOLD STARS FROM TWENTY COUNTIES   -   NORTHWESTERN IOWA IN WELFARE WORK...

 

CHAPTER XII

EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

COMMON SCHOOL SYSTEM BASED ON TOWNSHIPS   -   CHANGES IN SCHOOL GOVERNMENT   -   REVISION OF SCHOOL LAWS   -   COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS   -   THE COMING OF THE INSTITUTES   -   BOARDS FOR THE EXAMINATION OF TEACHERS   -   SCHOOLS IN THE CIVIL WAR PERIOD   -   IN THE LATE '60S   -   EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS IN THE '70S   -   COUNTY SUPERINTENDENCY OPENED TO WOMEN   -   COMPULSORY ATTENDANCE   -   RISE OF THE SCHOOL LIBRARY IDEA   -   NORTHWESTERN IOWA ACADEMIES AND COLLEGES   -   NORTHWESTERN NORMAL SCHOOL AND BUSINESS COLLEGE   -   THE BUENA VISTA COLLEGE   -   MORNINGSIDE COLLEGE   -   COUNTY UNIFORMITY OF TEXT BOOKS   -   ASSOCIATIONS OF TEACHERS   -   LONG STEP TOWARD EDUCATIONAL DEMOCRACY   -   TOWNSHIP HIGH SCHOOLS   -   THE VALUE OF SCHOOL LIBRARIES   -   CONSOLIDATION OF SCHOOLS   -   THE NORMAL TRAINING HIGH SCHOOLS   -   THE STANDARDIZED RURAL SCHOOLS   -   A BUSY GENERAL ASSEMBLY   -   TEACHERS' MINIMUM WAGES   -   POST-WAR LEGISLATION   -   PART-TIME SCHOOLS   -   LATE LEGISLATION AND PRESENT LAWS   -   VOCATIONAL EDUCATION  -   ENROLLMENT AND A AVERAGE DAILY ATTENDANCE...

 

CHAPTER XIII

THE PRESS OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA

NEWSPAPERDOM GETS FOOTHOLD IN NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   THE SIOUX CITY JOURNAL AND GEORGE D. PERKINS   -   THE SIOUX CITY TRIBUNE   -   OTHER PAPERS PUBLISHED IN WOODBURY COUNTY   -   NEWSPAPER EXPANSION FROM THE SOUTHEAST   -   THE BOYER VALLEY RECORD, OF DENISON   -   THE DENISON REVIEW   -   THE DENISON BULLETIN   -   OUTSIDE OF DENISON   -   THE CARROLL HERALD   -   THE CARROLL TIMES   -   NEWSPAPERS OUTSIDE THE COUNTY SEAT   -   GREENE COUNTY NEWSPAPERS   -   ESTHERVILLE VINDICATOR AND REPUBLICAN   -   FRONTIER JOURNALISM   -   THE ESTHERVILLE DEMOCRAT AND ESTHERVILLE ENTERPRISE   -   OTHER NEWSPAPERS OF THE COUNTY   -   FRONTIER JOURNALISM OF THE '70S   -   THE SPIRIT LAKE BEACON   -   CLAY COUNTY'S NEWSPAPERS   -   PRESS OF CHEROKEE COUNTY   -   THE SECOND CHEROKEE CHIEF   -   A STIRRING SENTINEL   -   SC AND MONONA COUNTIES   -   O'BRIEN A PIONEER NEWSPAPER COUNTY   -   NEWSPAPER KING OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   OSCEOLA COUNTY NEWSPAPERS   -   LYON COUNTY'S FIRST EDITOR   -   PRESS OF IDA AND SIOUX COUNTIES   -   INTERIOR NEWSPAPER COUNTIES   -   THE STORM LAKE PILOT   -   FIRST CALHOUN COUNTY NEWSPAPERS   -   JOURNALISTIC SPIRIT APPEARS IN PALO ALTO COUNTY   -  PIONEER NEWSPAPER CONVENIENCES   -   FONDA TIMES, POCAHONTAS COUNTY   -   REPRESENTATIVE WESTERN JOURNALISM...

 

CHAPTER XIV

THE JUDGES AND LAWYERS

PROFESSIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS FROM NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   BIRTH OF JURISPRUDENCE AND PRACTICE   -   NEW ENGLAND DIGNITY SHOCKED   -   JUDGES MOORE AND HUBBARD   -   EPOCH IN NORTHWESTERN JUDICATURE   -   A JUDICIAL CONTRAST   -   CIRCUIT COURTS CREATED   -   ADDISON OLIVER   -   OTHER CIRCUIT COURT JUDGES   -    JUDGES OF THE THREE DISTRICT COURTS SINCE 1887   -   LOT THOMAS   -   JAMES P. CONNER   -   SUPREME COURT JUDGES FROM NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   GIFFORD S. ROBINSON, SCOTT M. LADD AND FRANK R. GAYNOR   -   LESLIE M. SHAW, A NATIONAL CHARACTER   -   NORTHWESTERN IOWA LAWYER-CONGRESSMEN   -   ISAAC S. STRUBLE, ELBERT H. HUBBARD AND WILLIAM D. BOIES...

 

CHAPTER XV

MEDICAL HISTORY

BY DR. J. N. WARREN

DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY   -   PIONEER DOCTORS   -   SIOUX CITY PHYSICIANS   -   SIOUX CITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   -   SIOUX VALLEY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION    -   SIOUX CITY HOSPITALS   -   PRACTITIONERS IN WOODBURY COUNTY   -   PICAHONTAS COUNTY (NOTES BY DR. A. W. PATTERSON)   -   THE PROFESSION IN BUENA VISTA COUNTY   -   MEDICAL MEN OF PLYMOUTH COUNTY   -   CLAY COUNTY   -   PRACTITIONERS OF THE O'BRIEN COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY   -   CARROLL COUNTY MEDICAL ME   -   PALO ALTO COUNTY   -   MEDICAL HISTORY OF OSCEOLA COUNTY   -   ITS PRACTITIONERS   -   DICKINSON COUNTY (NOTES BY DR. C. S. SHULTZ)   -   SIOUX COUNTY PHYSICIANS   -   DICKINSON COUNTY PHYSICIANS, 1886-1926   -   DOCTORS OF EMMET COUNTY   -   MEDICAL HISTORY OF SAC COUNTY   -   MONONA COUNTY   -   MEDICAL HISTORY OF IDA COUNTY (NOTES BY DR. G. C. MOORHEAD)...

 

CHAPTER XVI

CHURCH LIFE OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA

WOODBURY COUNTY AS A RELIGIOUS CENTER   -   PIONEER PROTESTANT CHURCHES OF SIOUX CITY   -   METHODIST EPISCOPAL   -   THE ASSASSINATION OF DR. HADDOCK   -   OTHER METHODIST CHURCHES   -   THE METHODIST HOSPITAL   -   EARLY PRESBYTERIANISM   -   CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH   -   THE EPISCOPALIANS   -   BAPTISTS ESTABLISHED   -   CATHOLICITY IN SIOUX CITY   -   ST. JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL   -   ST. BENEDICT'S YOUNG LADIES' HOME   -   CONVENT OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD   -   THE EPISCOPAL CHURCHES   -   THE THRIFTY LUTHERANS   -   THE LUTHERAN GENERAL HOSPITAL   -   THE BAPTIST ORGANIZATIONS   -   DISCIPLES OF CHRIST AND OTHERS   -   SIOUX CITY'S AFFILIATED CHARITIES   -   EARLY CHURCHES OF MONONA COUNTY   -   THE METHODISTS OF CRAWFORD COUNTY   -   THE LUTHERANS IN THE COUNTY   -   PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES   -   THE EPISCOPALIANS OBTAIN A FOOTHOLD   -   THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN CRAWFORD COUNTY   -   THE CATHOLICS OF MOUNT CARMEL   -   EXPANSION  TO CARROLL AND ELSEWHERE   -   PIONEER PROTESTANT CHURCHES   -   THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH   -   TRINITY METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH   -   OTHER METHODIST CHURCHES IN CALHOUN COUNTY   -   THE CONGREGATIONALISTS AND LUTHERANS   -   THE PRESBYTERIANS AND BAPTISTS   -   THE CHURCH OF CHRIST   -   THE CATHOLICS IN CALHOUN COUNTY   -   CHURCH PIONEERING IN CLAY COUNTY   -   "LONG TODD"  AND "SHORT TODD"   -   RELIGIOUS OUTPOSTS OF NORTHWESTERN IOWA   -   ESTHERVILLE AND EMMET COUNTY   -   PIONEER METHODISM IN O'BRIEN COUNTY   -   OTHER METHODIST CHURCHES   -   THE CONGREGATIONALISTS AND FRIENDS IN O'BRIEN COUNTY   -   THE LUTHERANS AND ALLIED SECTARIANS   -   HOW PRESBYTERIANISM IS REPRESENTED IN O'BRIEN COUNTY   -   THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE COUNTY   -   OTHER CHURCHES   -   FIRST RELIGIOUS SERVICES IN PALO ALTO COUNTY   -   THE COMING OF THE METHODISTS TO SIBLEY   -   CATHOLICS ALSO PIONEERS IN OSCEOLA COUNTY   -   OTHER CHURCHES AT SIBLEY   -   THE GOSPEL IN LYON COUNTY   -   PRESBYTERIANS, PIONEER PROTESTANTS   -   THE LIZARD CATHOLICS   -   THE METHODISTS OF ROLFE   -   OTHER CHURCHES   -   UPRISING OF BUENA VISTA CHURCHES   -   METHODISTS AND CONGREGATIONALISTS IN CHEROKEE   -   PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES IN THE COUNTY   -   THE CATHOLICS   -   EVANGELICAL, LUTHERAN AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS   -   SWINGING AROUND THE CIRCLE   -   PLYMOUTH COUNTY CHURCHES...

 

CHAPTER XVII

THE BACKGROUND OF THE COUNTIES

THE CREATION OF COUNTIES   -   SIZE AND BOUNDARIES   -   CHANGING BOUNDARIES AND NAMING COUNTIES   -   DATE OF ORGANIZING ACT AND FIRST ELECTIONS   -   SESSIONS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY   -   POPULATION AND LAND AREA   -   MORE BACKGROUND OF THE COUNTIES

 

CHAPTER XVIII

BUENA VISTA COUNTY

NATURAL FEATURES   -   ORGANIZED UNDER THE COUNTY JUDGE SYSTEM   -   THOSE WHO SETTLED PRIOR TO COUNTY ORGANIZATION   -   THE UNIQUE ABNER BELL   -   THE INDIAN RAID OF 1857   -   SIOUX RAPIDS OF 1858   -   THE COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   THE FIRST COUNTY SEAT   -   ISOLATION OF THE SETTLERS   -   THE DARK DAYS OF THE '60S   -   TRIUMPH OF GOOD GOVERNMENT   -   W. S. LEE AND ABNER BELL   -   FIRST SETTLEMENT AT STORM LAKE   -   COUNTY SHAPING ITSELF   -   A RAILROAD AND THREE NEW TOWNS   -   NEWELL, STORM LAKE AND ALTA   -   SIOUX RAPIDS AND THE COUNTY SEAT CONTESTS   -   OTHER TOWNS   -   THE COUNTY AS A WHOLE...

 

CHAPTER XIX

CALHOUN COUNTY

DRAINAGE OF THE COUNTY   -   STEPS TOWARD COUNTY ORGANIZATION   -   FIRST SETTLERS OF CALHOUN COUNTY   -   ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY   -   THE TOWNSHIPS OF THE COUNTY   -   CALHOUN, LINCOLN, JACKSON, CEDAR, GREENFIELD, WILLIAMS, SHERMAN, CENTER, BUTLER, READING, ELM GROVE, TWIN LAKES, UNION, LOGAN, LAKE CREEK, AND GARFIELD   -   LAKE CITY   -   POMEROY   -   MANSON   -   ROCKWELL CITY   -   THREE COURTHOUSES ERECTED IN ROCKWELL CITY   -   THE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN   -   LOHRWILLE...

 

CHAPTER XX

CARROLL COUNTY

FORTY-NINE COUNTIES CREATED   -   STEPS TOWARD CARROLL COUNTY'S ORGANIZATION   -   A JUMPER AND A PERMANENT SETTLER   -   CARROLL COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COUNTY SEAT   -   POPULATION OF THE COUNTY, 1856   -   THE CITY OF CARROLL   -   THE TOWN OF MANNING   -   O. E. DUTTON AND D. W. SUTHERLAND   -   COON RAPIDS   -   GLIDDEN   -   OTHER TOWNS AND STATIONS...

 

CHAPTER XXI

CHEROKEE COUNTY

FIRST SETTLERS   -   THE MILFORD (MASS.)  WESTERN EMIGRATION SOCIETY   -   FOUNDING OF ORIGINAL CHEROKEE   -   BLAIR CITY AND NEW CHEROKEE   -   DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTY ORGANIZATION   -    FIRST BRIDGE AND FERRY IN THE COUNTY   -   EXIT OF THE COUNTY JUDGE GOVERNMENT   -   THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS GOVERNMENT   -   FIRST COURTHOUSE   -   THE FORMATION OF TOWNSHIPS   -  CHEROKEE, PILOT, WILLOW, SPRING, AFTON, CEDAR, PITCHER, AMHERST, LIBERTY, SHERIDAN, SILVER, TILDEN, DIAMOND, MARCUS, ROCK AND GRAND MEADOW TOWNSHIPS   -   CITY OF CHEROKEE   -   TOWN OF MARCUS...

 

CHAPTER XXII

CLAY COUNTY

THE COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   THE PIONEERS OF CLAY COUNTY   -   THE COUNTY SEAT AND THE COURTHOUSES   -   THE TOWNSHIPS OF CLAY COUNTY   -   PETERSON   -   THE CITY OF SPENCER...

 

CHAPTER XXIII

CRAWFORD COUNTY

STEPS IN COUNTY ORGANIZATION   -   FLITTING SETTLERS AND PERMANENT   -   THE MORMON IMMIGRATION   -   DELOIT AND DOW CITY   -   THE CITY OF DENISON   -   REGULAR COUNTY OFFICERS AND COUNTY SEAT   -   RAILROADS AND STATIONS   -   THE SWEDES OF OTTER CREEK VALLEY   -   KIRON   -   SCHLESWIG AND THE GERMANS   -   MANILLA   -   CHARTER OAK, VAIL AND WEST SIDE   -   FORMATION OF THE TOWNSHIPS...

 

CHAPTER XXIV

DICKINSON COUNTY

EARLY SETTLEMENTS   -   THE MASSACRE AND ITS MEMORIALS   -   MRS. SHARP'S DEATH AND THE GARDNER CABIN   -   SETTLEMENT AFTER THE MASSACRE   -   SETTLERS STILL UNEASY   -   DICKINSON COUNTY ORGANIZED UNDER DIFFICULTIES   -   STARE AND JUDICIAL REPRESENTATIVES   -   THE LAYING OF TITLES   -   THE MILL CONTROVERSY   -   FOUNDING OF SPIRIT LAKE   -   THE COURTHOUSES   -   SPIRIT LAKE OF TODAY   -   MILFORD AND LAKE PARK   -   OTHER TOWNS   -   FORMATION OF TOWNSHIPS...

 

CHAPTER XXV

EMMET COUNTY

LAKES AND RIVERS   -   THOSE WHO CAME FIRST   -   EMMET COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   ESTHERVILLE, THE COUNTY SEAT   -   ADOLPHUS JENKINS AND ROBERT E. RIDLEY   -   THE FIRST COURTHOUSE   -   THE BUILDING OF FORT DEFIANCE   -   COUNTY SEAT SHIFTS BETWEEN SWAN LAKE AND ESTHERVILLE   -   COUNTY SEAT A FIXTURE   -  PROGRESS AND PRESENT STATUS OF ESTHERVILLE   -   ARMSTRONG AND RINGSTED   -   OTHER TOWNS AND RAILROAD STATIONS   -   THE TOWNSHIPS OF EMMET COUNTY...

 

CHAPTER XXVI

GREENE AND SAC COUNTIES

DRAINAGE AND NATURAL FEATURES OF GREENE COUNTY   -   SETTLEMENT BEFORE ORGANIZATION   -   EVOLUTION OF GREENE COUNTY   -   GREENE COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   JEFFERSON,  THE COUNTY SEAT   -   HOLDING OF FIRST DISTRICT COURT   -   GREENE COUNTY TOWNSHIPS   -   THE TOWN OF JEFFERSON   -   GRAND JUNCTION   -   OTHER TOWNS   -   SAC COUNTY CLOSELY CONNECTED WITH GREENE   - PRIOR TO SEPARATE ORGANIZATION   -   FIRST SETTLERS OF THE COUNTY   -   COUNTY ORGANIZATION AND COUNTY SEAT   -   SAC CITY   -   THE TOWN OF OBEBOLT   -   OTHER COUNTY TOWNS...

 

CHAPTER XXVII

IDA COUNTY

THE PIONEER SETTLERS   -   COUNTY AND TOWNSHIPS ORGANIZED   -   THE COUNTY SEAT LOCATED   -   FIXING OF THE NAME IDA   -   THE COMING OF THE MOOREHEAD FAMILY   -   FIRST SURGICAL OPERATION   -   TOWN SITE SURVEYED   -   WILD GAME OF ALL KINDS   -   FIRST TEACHERS AND MARRIAGES   -   FIRST MINISTER AND FIRST DEATH   -   ADDITIONS TO SETTLEMENT   -   VILLAGE OF IDA AND TOWN OF IDA GROVE   -   TOWN OF BATTLE CREEK   -   GALVA FOUNDED   -   TOWN OF HOLSTEIN   -   ARTHUR, THE GREAT POPCORN CENTER...

 

CHAPTER XXVIII

LYON AND OSCEOLA COUNTIES

NATURAL DRAINAGE OF LYON COUNTY   -   AS BUNCOMBE COUNTY   -   DEATH BY SAVAGE AND FLOOD   -   PERMANENT SETTLERS COME   -   BELOIT FOUNDED   -   DOON FOUNDED AT THE FORKS   -   ROCK RAPIDS OF THE NORTH   -   LYON COUNTY ORGANIZED   -  COUNTY SEAT PERMANENTLY LOCATED   -   DEVELOPMENT OF  ROCK RAPIDS   -   OTHER TOWNS   -   PHYSICAL FEATURES OF OSCEOLA COUNTY   -   DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTY   -   SEPARATE POLITICAL ORGANIZATION   -   SIBLEY, THE COUNTY SEAT   -   OTHER TOWNS...

 

CHAPTER XXIX

O'BRIEN AND SIOUX COUNTIES

DRAINAGE OF O'BRIEN COUNTY   -   ITS POLITICAL BIRTH   -   THE FIRST CITIZEN AND HIS FAMILY   -   COUNTY SEATS AND COURTHOUSES  -   COUNTY SEAT MOVED TO THE PRAIRIE (PRIMGHAR)   -   FOUNDING OF SHELDON   -   SANBORN FOUNDED   -   A TRIANGULAR COUNTY SEAT CONTEST   -   FOURTH COUNTY SEAT CONTEST   -   THE CITY OF SHELDON   -   THE TOWN OF SANBORN   -   THE TOWN OF HARTLEY   -   PAULLINA AND OTHER TOWNS   -   SIOUX COUNTY   -   HOW OBTAINED FROM THE INDIANS   -   THE COUNTY'S POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT   -   FIRST COUNTY SEAT, CALLIOPE   -   BUTCH COLONIZATION AND ORANGE CITY   -   THE CITY OF HAWARDEN   -   THE TOWN OF ALTON   -   SIOUX CENTER AND ROCK VALLEY   -   HULL, IRETON AND OTHER TOWNS...

 

CHAPTER XXX

PLYMOUTH AND MONONA COUNTIES

DRAINAGE AND TOPOGRAPHY OF PLYMOUTH COUNTY   -   A COUNTY BEFORE HAVING SETTLERS   -   EARLY SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTY   -   COUNTY SEATS AND TOWN SITES PROJECTED   -   PLYMOUTH COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   CITY OF LEMARS, THE COUNTY SEAT   -   COUNTY SEATS AND COURTHOUSES   -   THE ENGLISH COLONY AT LEMARS   -   THE TOWN OF AKRON   -   REMSEN AND KENGSLEY   -   OTHER TOWNS   -   NATURAL FEATURES OF MONONA COUNTY   -   HOW OBTAINED AND POLITICALLY CREATED   -   PERMANENT SETTLEMENT AND POLITICAL ESTABLISHMENT   -   SHIFTING OF COUNTY SEAT   -   FIXING OF THE COUNTY BOUNDARIES   -   THE CITY OF ONAWA   -   THE TOWN OF MAPLETON   -   THE WHITING PIONEERS   -   THE TOWN OF WHITING    -   TOWN OF UTE   -   OTHER TOWNS...

 

CHAPTER XXXI

POCAHONTAS AND PALO ALTO COUNTIES

PICAHONTAS COUNTY IN GENERAL   -   ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COUNTY   -   EVENTS PRECEDING COUNTY ORGANIZATION   -   LAST INDIAN BATTLE IN POCAHONTAS COUNTY   -   FIRST SETTLEMENTS IN COUNTY   -   LIZARD AND DES MOINES SETTLEMENTS   -   POCAHONTAS COUNTY ORGANIZED   -   OLE ROLFE   -   BUILDING OF COURTHOUSE AND BRIDGE   -   DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTY SEAT   -   THE NEW COUNTY SEAT, POCAHONTAS   -   TOWN OF ROLFE   -   TOWN OF FONDA   -   GILMORE CITY AND LAURENS   -   OTHER TOWNS IN THE COUNTY   -   PHYSICAL AND POLITICAL SKETCH OF PALO ALTO COUNTY   -   WEST BEND AND EMMETSBURG BORN   -   ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY   -   PAOLI, THE FIRST COUNTY SEAT   -   OLD AND NEW EMMETSBURG   -   OTHER TOWNS IN PALO ALTO COUNTY...

 

CHAPTER XXXII

WOODBURY COUNTY AND SIOUX CITY

 THE COUNTY'S PHYSICAL OUTLOOK   -   SETTLERS AND OTHERWISE, 1839-54   -   EVOLUTION OF WOODBURY COUNTY   -   LOCATION OF COUNTY SEAT   -   STRIVINGS AFTER A COURTHOUSE   -   MONUMENTAL PILE OF TODAY   -   GROWTH OF SIOUX CITY   -   RAILROAD CONNECTION AT LAST   -   THE FIRST BLACK HILLS EXPEDITION   -   BRIDGES FINALLY BUILT   -   THE CORN PALACE CITY   -   PROGRESS OF THE MUNICIPALITY   -   SIOUX CITY OF THE PRESENT   -   WHAT THE CITY HAS TO OFFER   -   ORIGIN OF THE CITY'S GREATEST INDUSTRY   -   PROTECTORS OF COMMERCE, TRADE AND THE INDUSTRIES   -   A CITY OF HOMES AND HEALTHFUL PLEASURES   -   THE PARKS OF THE CITY   -   THE OFFERINGS OF PUBLIC SERVICE   -   THE UPLIFTING PUBLIC LIBRARY   -   CORRECTIONVILLE AND OTHER TOWNS...

 

 

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
_______________

Allen, Arthur F. Frontispiece
Pilot Rock, Cherokee County 42
Floyd Monument 65
Monument Marking Camp-Site of Lewis and Clark Expedition, Onawa 65
Dr. Isaac H. Harriott 119
The Gardner Massacre 119
Views of Sioux City in 1864 137
The Sanborn & Follett Sawmill, Mouth of Perry Creek 137
Store of W. F. Faulkner & Co., Pearl Street 137
Northwestern Hotel, Second Street 137
Residential district 137
Balanger’s Boarding House in Early Sixties 143
Looking Northwest from Jackson and Seventh Streets, Sioux City, in 1866 143
Buildings of 1866, Sioux City 143
Early Settlers of Sioux City 149
Dr. John K. Cook, 1854, Founder 149
T. J. Stone, Early Banker 149
George W. Chamberlain, 1854 149
Mrs. George W. Chamberlain, 1854 149
William L. Joy, 1857, Attorney 149
L. D. Parmer, Early Merchant 149
Dr. A. M. Hunt, Founder of Hunt School 153
C. K. Poor, Contractor and Builder 153
George Weare, 1855 153
J. P. Allison, 1856 153
W. F. Faulkner, Pioneer Merchant 153
J. E. Booge, 1858, Wholesale Grocer and Founder of First Packing House 153
Sioux City, Looking North on Pearl Street from Second Street, August 1866
- Ten Buildings by Name 157
Sioux City, Looking Southwest from Jackson and Seventh Streets, 1866
- Nine Building Identified 157
Looking Southwest from Jackson and Seventh Streets, 1868 - Eight
Buildings Identified 161
Third Street between Pearl and Douglas Streets, 1869 - Nine Business
Places Named 161
The Levee in the Early Days, Sioux City 255
Hagy House and Hedges Store on the Levee, Early Sixties 255
The Levee, Early Seventies 255
Prairie Schooner 263
Fort Defiance, Estherville 295
Memorial Monument to Soldiers of Civil War, Onawa 298
Tablet in Iowa Historical, Memorial and Art Building, Sioux City, (World
War Memorial) 319
Bird’s-eye View of Ida Grove Schools 351
xix


xx LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Old Time Log Schoolhouse 351
Grade School, Rock Rapids 357
High School, Rock Rapids 357
Northwestern Classical Academy, Orange City 363
Buena Vista College, Storm Lake 363
Central High School, Sioux City 371
High School, Pocahontas 371
High School, Jefferson 377
High School, Lake City 377
High School, Whiting 383
High School, Spencer 383
Manning High School 389
New High School, Sheldon 389
George D. Perkins 395
Smith, Rev. J. J. 551
Storm Lake 593
High School, Storm Lake 593
Main Street, Looking North, Manson 615
Residence Scene, Manson 615
Calhoun County Courthouse, Rockwell City 619
View of Twin Lakes near Rockwell City 619
View of Coon River, Lake City 623
View of Business Section and Carroll County Courthouse, Carroll 627
Fifth Street, Carroll 633
Adams Street, North Carroll 633
State Hospital, Cherokee 659
Pavilion in Tourist Park, Cherokee 659
Carnegie Library, Spencer 669
Clay County Courthouse, Spencer 669
North Main Street, Spencer (2 views) 677
Fair Grounds, Spencer 681
Crawford County Courthouse 687
Street Scene, Denison 687
Tourist Park, Denison 696
Indian Massacre Monument, Arnold’s Park 699
Lake Okoboji, Arnold’s Park 699
Soldiers Monument, Spirit Lake 711
Across the Lake from Templar Park, Spirit Lake 711
Post Office, Estherville 721
Sixth Street, North, Estherville 721
The Monument at Estherville 727
High School, Estherville 727
Eureka Ridge, Jefferson 737
Greene County Courthouse, Jefferson 737

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xxi

American Legion Hall, Sac City 745
Sac County Courthouse, Sac City 745
Chautauqua Park, Sac City 748
Ida Grove Schools 751
A Street Scene, Ida Grove 751
Lyon County Courthouse, Rock Rapids 769
River View, Rock Rapids 769
Osceola County Courthouse, Sibley 777
Public Library, Sibley 777
Public Library, Sheldon 789
Country Club, Sheldon 789
Sioux County Courthouse, Orange City 797
City Park, Orange City 797
I. C. R. R. Depot and Eating House, LeMars, Burned in 1878 811
Methodist Church, LeMars 811
Old Plymouth County Courthouse and Jail, LeMars 815
Plymouth County Courthouse, LeMars 815
Monona County Courthouse, Onawa 823
Public Library, Onawa 823
Pocahontas County Courthouse, Pocahontas 845
Main Street, Pocahontas 845
East Shore, Medium Lake, Emmetsburg 853
Public Library, Emmetsburg 859
Broadway North from Tenth Street, Emmetsburg 859
Pearl Street, looking North and East, 1869, Sioux City 865
Woodbury County Courthouse, Sioux City 871
Public Library, Sioux City 877
An Artist’s Sketch of the First Corn Palace, Sioux City 877
Fourth Street, looking East from Douglas Street, Sioux City 883
Pierce Street, looking North from Third Street, Sioux City 883
Scene in Grand View Park, Sioux City 889
Scene in Stone Park, Sioux City 889
Sioux City Federal Building 895

 

~ transcribed and submitted by Mary E. Boyer for Iowa History Project, August 2008
 

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